Aquarium Care Guides
2820 articles- Midas Blenny (Ecsenius midas) Breeding GuideBreeding the midas blenny (Ecsenius midas): demersal nesting in the genus Ecsenius and why raising the planktonic larvae at home is rarely s
- Bicolor Blenny (Ecsenius bicolor) Breeding GuideBreeding the bicolor blenny (Ecsenius bicolor): demersal nesting habits of the genus Ecsenius and why larval rearing remains very difficult
- Pinktail Triggerfish Breeding GuideMelichthys vidua is a planktivorous Indo-Pacific triggerfish that builds nests and guards eggs in the wild. It is not bred in home aquaria,
- Blue-jaw Triggerfish Breeding GuideXanthichthys auromarginatus is a planktivorous triggerfish with strong sexual dimorphism that spawns in pairs over sand. It is not bred in h
- Picasso Triggerfish Breeding GuideRhinecanthus aculeatus is a haremic, demersal nest-spawner: females attach eggs to substrate and guard them. It is not bred in home aquaria,
- Pygmy Cherub Angelfish Breeding GuideCentropyge argi is a small Atlantic dwarf angelfish living in small harems and, like its genus, spawning pelagically. Its planktonic larvae
- Lemonpeel Angelfish Breeding GuideCentropyge flavissima is a protogynous dwarf angelfish living in harems and, like its genus, spawning pelagically. Its planktonic larvae are
- Bicolor Angelfish Breeding GuideCentropyge bicolor is a protogynous dwarf angelfish living in harems and spawning pelagically at dusk. Its planktonic larvae make home breed
- Queen Angelfish Breeding GuideHolacanthus ciliaris is a large protogynous Atlantic angelfish that pair-spawns near the surface, releasing pelagic eggs. Its planktonic lar
- Melanurus Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres melanurus is a pelagic-spawning Western Pacific wrasse. It was first captive-bred at a research lab in 2015, but rearing its pla
- Leopard Wrasse Breeding GuideMacropharyngodon meleagris is an Indo-Pacific wrasse with sex-linked colour patterns and pelagic broadcast spawning. Its planktonic larvae m
- Carpenter's Flasher Wrasse Breeding GuideParacheilinus carpenteri is a Western Pacific flasher wrasse whose males perform colour-flashing courtship dashes. It is a pelagic broadcast
- Yellow Coris Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres chrysus is a protogynous Indo-Pacific wrasse that lives in small groups and broadcast-spawns. Its pelagic larvae make home breed
- Cleaner Wrasse Breeding GuideLabroides dimidiatus is a protogynous, harem-living broadcast spawner. Its pelagic larvae are not rearable in home aquaria, so captive breed
- Convict Tang (Acanthurus triostegus) Breeding GuideAcanthurus triostegus is a pelagic broadcast spawner that gathers in spawning aggregations; with long-drifting acronurus larvae, home breedi
- Scopas Tang (Zebrasoma scopas) Breeding GuideZebrasoma scopas is a pelagic broadcast-spawning surgeonfish with long-drifting acronurus larvae; it is not bred in home aquaria, only resea
- Chevron Tang (Ctenochaetus hawaiiensis) Breeding GuideCtenochaetus hawaiiensis is a pelagic broadcast-spawning surgeonfish with long-drifting acronurus larvae; it is not bred in home aquaria, on
- Kole Tang (Ctenochaetus strigosus) Breeding GuideCtenochaetus strigosus is a pelagic broadcast-spawning surgeonfish with long-drifting acronurus larvae; it is not bred in home aquaria, only
- Naso Tang (Naso lituratus) Breeding GuideNaso lituratus is a pelagic broadcast-spawning surgeonfish with long-drifting acronurus larvae; it is not bred in home aquaria, only researc
- Sailfin Tang (Zebrasoma veliferum) Breeding GuideZebrasoma veliferum is a pelagic broadcast spawner with planktonic eggs hatching in a day and long-drifting acronurus larvae; home breeding
- Purple Tang (Zebrasoma xanthurum) Breeding GuideWhy Zebrasoma xanthurum cannot be bred at home: tangs are pelagic broadcast spawners with long planktonic acronurus larvae, achieved only in
- Green Spotted Puffer (Tetraodon nigroviridis) Breeding GuideBreeding the green spotted puffer Tetraodon (Dichotomyctere) nigroviridis: brackish-only spawning, male egg- and fry-guarding, and why fry a
- Green Puffer (Tetraodon fluviatilis) Breeding GuideBreeding the brackish green puffer Tetraodon (Dichotomyctere) fluviatilis: flat-surface spawning, male egg-guarding and why home breeding is
- Doria's Bumblebee Goby Breeding GuideBreeding Brachygobius doriae: sexing by ovipositor and color, cave spawning of 100-200 eggs, male egg-guarding, 7-9 day incubation and infus
- Bumblebee Goby (Brachygobius xanthozona) Breeding GuideCave-spawning bumblebee goby breeding: sexing, brackish setup, male egg-guarding and infusoria-fed fry, plus the identity confusion around B
- Shuttles Hoppfish Breeding GuideHow Periophthalmus modestus spawns inside an air-filled burrow chamber where the male guards and aerates the eggs, and why home breeding is
- Atlantic Mudskipper (Periophthalmus barbarus) Breeding GuideMudskippers spawn in air-filled burrow chambers where the male guards the eggs; home breeding is rare due to the burrow biology.
- Orange Chromide (Pseudetroplus maculatus) Breeding GuideThe orange chromide is an accessible biparental substrate spawner whose free-swimming fry graze on their parents' protective body mucus.
- Green Chromide (Etroplus suratensis) Breeding GuideThe green chromide is a biparental substrate spawner whose pair tend eggs and move free-swimming fry between excavated nursery pits.
- Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus) Breeding GuideScats spawn in coastal marine waters with a pelagic larval phase and are not bred in home aquaria; aquaculture relies on induced spawning.
- African Mono (Monodactylus sebae) Breeding GuideAfrican monos have only very rarely been bred in captivity; they move from brackish to marine water and spawn in open coastal habitats.
- Silver Mono (Monodactylus argenteus) Breeding GuideSilver monos move from freshwater juveniles to marine adults and are not bred in home aquaria; reproduction occurs in open coastal waters.
- Wide-bar Datnoid (Datnioides quadrifasciatus) Breeding GuideDatnioides quadrifasciatus is an invalid synonym of D. polota, a brackish partial spawner that is not bred in the aquarium.
- Four-bar Tigerfish (Datnioides polota) Breeding GuideThe brackish four-bar tigerfish is a year-round partial spawner in the wild and has not been bred in the aquarium.
- Largescale Archerfish (Toxotes chatareus) Breeding GuideLargescale archerfish have not been bred in captivity; in the wild they scatter tens of thousands of buoyant eggs in shallow lagoons.
- Bumblebee Goby (Brachygobius xanthomelas) Breeding GuideBumblebee gobies are cave spawners: the male guards eggs deposited inside a cave or shell until they hatch in about a week.
- Bluntnose Knifefish (Brachyhypopomus pinnicaudatus) Breeding GuideA weakly-electric knifefish in which warm temperatures trigger maturity and males develop a sex-specific electric signal used in courtship.
- Electric Eel (Electrophorus electricus) Breeding GuideElectric eels are not bred in home aquaria. In the wild, males build saliva nests and provide months of parental care.
- Banded Knifefish Breeding GuideGymnotus carapo is an electric knifefish whose male builds a bottom nest and guards the eggs and larvae; aquarium breeding is rarely documen
- Spotted Saratoga Breeding GuideScleropages leichardti is an Australian arowana and mouthbrooder; home breeding of this large fish is impractical and detailed brood data ar
- Australian Arowana Breeding GuideScleropages jardinii is a maternal mouthbrooder; the female holds eggs and yolk-sac larvae for weeks, but home breeding of this large fish i
- Asian Arowana Breeding GuideScleropages formosus is a CITES Appendix I paternal mouthbrooder; it is bred only on registered farms, and home breeding is impractical.
- Black Arowana Breeding GuideOsteoglossum ferreirai is a paternal mouthbrooder of the Rio Negro; the male broods up to 210 eggs but home breeding is impractical for so l
- Pignose Puffer Breeding GuideLeiodon cutcutia is a freshwater puffer that pair-spawns on a flat surface; the male guards and fans the eggs, and it was the first puffer b
- Crested Dwarf Puffer Breeding GuideCarinotetraodon lorteti is a dwarf puffer with strong sexual dimorphism; the male crest-displays, spawns among mosses and solely guards the
- Congo Puffer Breeding GuideTetraodon miurus is a predatory sand-burying Congo puffer with no documented captive breeding and no recorded spawning behavior.
- Fahaka Puffer Breeding GuideTetraodon lineatus is a large solitary African freshwater puffer not bred in home aquaria; only its wild spawning season is documented.
- Canara Pearlspot Breeding GuideEtroplus canarensis is a biparental substrate-spawning Indian cichlid that attaches eggs to rock and is bred commercially in Southeast Asia.
- Indo Tiger Datnoid Breeding GuideDatnioides microlepis is a large Indonesian predator not bred in home aquaria; only its wild spawning season is documented.
- Half-banded Spiny Eel Breeding GuideMastacembelus circumcinctus is rarely spawned in aquaria; documented spiny-eel reproduction relies on hormone induction at fish farms.