Clown Loach (Chromobotia macracanthus) Care Guide
Large, social loach from Borneo and Sumatra with vivid orange-and-black banding. Long-lived but demanding: needs very large tanks, groups of 5+, and warm soft water.
Overview
Chromobotia macracanthus is a large, brightly coloured loach in the family Botiidae. Its orange body crossed by three broad black bands has made it one of the most recognisable freshwater fish in the hobby. The species is social, long-lived and grows considerably larger than most aquarists realise.
Taxonomy
- Family: Botiidae
- Genus: Chromobotia
- Scientific name: Chromobotia macracanthus
Habitat
Native to inland waters of Borneo and Sumatra in Indonesia. Adults occupy main river channels with moderate flow during the dry season and migrate into flooded forest tributaries to spawn during the wet season. Sumatran and Bornean populations show genetic and minor morphological differences.
Tank requirements
- Minimum tank volume: 300 L
- Temperature: 24-30 °C
- pH: 6.0-7.5
- GH: 3-12 °dGH
- School size: at least 5 individuals
- Lifespan: 10-20 years (often longer)
- Adult size: 20-30 cm in aquaria
Diet
Primarily carnivorous, feeding on molluscs, insects and other invertebrates in nature. Will consume aquarium snails. Accepts a wide variety of quality dried foods, frozen bloodworm, Tubifex, Artemia, earthworms and blanched vegetables.
Compatibility
Social and gregarious; groups of at least five, preferably ten or more, are needed for natural behaviour and to prevent stress on dominant individuals. Suitable companions include Tiger Barb, Bristlenose Pleco, Silver Dollar and larger tetras. Small shrimp and snails will be eaten. Aggressive cichlids should be avoided.
Breeding
Natural reproduction involves seasonal migration to flooded tributaries. Captive breeding is achieved commercially in Southeast Asia and Eastern Europe using hormone injection. Private aquarium breeding remains largely undocumented.
Conservation status
IUCN Red List: Least Concern. Despite heavy collection for the aquarium trade, the species remains widespread; sustainable management and farmed production continue to support wild populations.