Orinoco Peacock Bass (Cichla orinocensis) Care Guide
Cichla orinocensis is a large predatory peacock bass from the Orinoco and Rio Negro basins, described by Humboldt in 1821.
Overview
Cichla orinocensis, the Orinoco or butterfly peacock bass, is a large predatory cichlid described by Alexander von Humboldt in 1821. Adults bear three large gold-edged dark spots along the body, with a fourth on the tail, and lack dark markings on the gill cover. It is a prized game fish.
Taxonomy
- Family: Cichlidae
- Genus: Cichla
- Scientific name: Cichla orinocensis
- Described by Humboldt, 1821
Habitat
The species is native to the Rio Negro and Orinoco River basins in northern South America. It mainly occurs in blackwater rivers, prefers slow-moving and shallow waters and tolerates more turbid conditions than other peacock bass.
Tank requirements
- Minimum tank volume: 1500 L or more
- Temperature: 26-30 °C (79-86 °F)
- pH: 5.0-7.0
- GH: 2-10 °dGH
- Maximum size: about 62 cm SL
- Lifespan: 10-15 years
Wikipedia reports a maximum standard length of about 62 cm. Given its adult size, this species requires very large aquariums; the water ranges above follow the verified KB record.
Diet
Cichla orinocensis is a piscivore that hunts smaller fish. In the aquarium it requires a carnivorous diet of suitable whole or prepared meaty foods, fed twice daily.
Compatibility
Aggressive and predatory, it should only be combined with large, robust tankmates such as big plecos, silver dollars or other large cichlids in very spacious tanks. Small fish and most cichlids are unsuitable.
Conservation status
IUCN Red List: Least Concern.