Aquarium Care Guides
996 articles- Breeding Elacatinus oceanops (Neon Goby)Elacatinus oceanops, the neon goby, is one of the first marine ornamentals mass-cultured in captivity. Pairs lay demersal eggs in a crevice,
- Filament-Fin Shrimp Goby Breeding Guide (Stonogobiops nematodes)Stonogobiops nematodes is a pistol-shrimp partner goby that lays demersal eggs in its burrow; captive breeding has been achieved in the genu
- Anampses meleagrides (Yellowtail Tamarin Wrasse) Breeding GuideAnampses meleagrides is a sand-diving Indo-Pacific tamarin wrasse with strong sexual dichromatism and protogynous sex change. It broadcast-s
- Coris julis (Mediterranean Rainbow Wrasse) Breeding GuideCoris julis is a temperate Mediterranean and eastern Atlantic wrasse, a diandric protogynous species that spawns pelagic eggs. Larvae are pl
- Coris gaimard (Yellowtail Coris) Breeding GuideCoris gaimard is a sand-associated Indo-Pacific wrasse that broadcast-spawns pelagic eggs in pairs. It reaches 40 cm and is not reproduced i
- Humphead (Napoleon) Wrasse (Cheilinus undulatus): Breeding NotesCheilinus undulatus is the largest wrasse, IUCN Endangered and CITES II. It is a protogynous, aggregation-spawning species reaching over 2 m
- Breeding the Black-Backed Fairy Wrasse (Cirrhilabrus melanonotus)Cirrhilabrus melanonotus is an Indo-Pacific fairy wrasse. Like its relatives in the genus it is a protogynous, open-water spawner that is no
- Breeding Lubbock's Fairy Wrasse (Cirrhilabrus lubbocki)Lubbock's fairy wrasse is a small protogynous reef species from the Philippines and Sulawesi. Its pelagic eggs and larvae keep it beyond hom
- Blue-Side Fairy Wrasse Breeding GuideCirrhilabrus cyanopleura is a protogynous, haremic fairy wrasse rarely if ever bred in home aquaria; this guide covers its harem display and
- Solar Fairy Wrasse Breeding GuideCirrhilabrus solorensis is a protogynous, haremic fairy wrasse rarely if ever bred in home aquaria; this guide covers its harem structure an
- Christmas Wrasse (Halichoeres claudia) Breeding GuideHalichoeres claudia is a protogynous Indo-Pacific wrasse described in 2009; it is not bred in home aquaria, and this guide summarizes its do
- Slippery Dick Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres bivittatus is a lek-forming, protogynous, pelagic-spawning Atlantic wrasse not bred in home aquaria; this guide outlines its doc
- Puddingwife Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres radiatus is a large Western Atlantic reef wrasse not bred in home aquaria; this guide covers its protogynous genus biology and p
- Adorned Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres cosmetus is a Western Indian Ocean reef wrasse not bred in home aquaria; this guide covers its protogynous genus biology and pel
- Ornate Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres ornatissimus is a protogynous, pelagic-spawning reef wrasse not bred in home aquaria; this guide explains its wild reproduction
- Dusky Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres marginatus is a protogynous, pelagic-spawning Indo-Pacific wrasse not bred in home aquaria; this guide outlines its documented w
- Richmond's Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres richmondi is a Western Pacific reef wrasse that is not bred in home aquaria; this guide covers its protogynous biology and pelag
- Checkerboard Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres hortulanus is a protogynous, pelagic broadcast-spawning reef wrasse not bred in home aquaria; this guide explains its wild repro
- Holacanthus clarionensis (Clarion Angelfish): Breeding GuideHolacanthus clarionensis is a Revillagigedo endemic and one of the few large angelfish bred commercially. Captive rearing succeeded at a spe
- Blue Ring Angel (Pomacanthus annularis): Breeding GuidePomacanthus annularis is a large Indo-Pacific angel that pairs to spawn pelagic eggs in open water and is not home-bred. It has, however, be
- Half-banded Angel (Genicanthus semifasciatus): Breeding GuideGenicanthus semifasciatus is a protogynous, harem-forming planktivore whose males arise from females and pair-spawn pelagic eggs into open w
- Centropyge fisheri (Fisher's Angel) Breeding GuideCentropyge fisheri is a small Indo-Pacific dwarf angel living in haremic groups and spawning pelagic eggs at dusk. Home breeding is not feas
- Centropyge ferrugata (Rusty Angel) Breeding GuideCentropyge ferrugata is a dwarf angel notable for fully reversible, bidirectional sex change and dusk pelagic spawning. Home breeding is not
- Bluespine Unicornfish (Naso unicornis): Breeding GuideNaso unicornis pair-spawns in open reef water and produces pelagic larvae. Its huge adult size and long planktonic stage make breeding it in
- Achilles Tang Breeding GuideBreeding Acanthurus achilles: a Pacific surgeonfish that broadcast-spawns pelagic eggs producing acronurus larvae; it is not an established
- Hawaiian Dascyllus (Dascyllus albisella) Breeding GuideDascyllus albisella is a Hawaiian endemic damselfish that spawns demersal eggs on the substrate, with males guarding and aerating the clutch
- Starck's Damsel Breeding GuideHow the western Pacific Chrysiptera starcki pairs to spawn, with the male preparing a rubble nest and defending the eggs before a difficult
- Matted Filefish (Acreichthys tomentosus) Breeding GuideHow the captive-bred matted filefish Acreichthys tomentosus is bred: pairing, demersal eggs on substrate, and direct-settling larvae with no
- Black Cap Gramma (Gramma melacara) Breeding GuideHow an advanced keeper breeds the black cap gramma Gramma melacara: forming a pair, the male's cave nest of algae, egg tending and rearing t
- Cinnamon Clownfish (Amphiprion melanopus) Breeding GuideHow to breed the captive-bred cinnamon clownfish Amphiprion melanopus: forming a pair, demersal egg-laying near a host anemone, male tending
- Foxface Rabbitfish Breeding GuideSiganus vulpinus lays adhesive eggs but has a pelagic larval stage; it is not home-bred, and aquarium specimens are wild-caught. Handle the
- Red Lionfish Breeding GuideWhy the Red Lionfish (Pterois volitans) is not bred in home aquariums: pelagic mucus-bound egg masses of up to 15,000 eggs and a planktonic
- Snowflake Moray Eel Breeding GuideWhy the Snowflake Moray (Echidna nebulosa) is not bred in home aquariums: broadcast spawning, a long-lived pelagic leptocephalus larval stag
- Orchid Dottyback Breeding GuideHow to breed the captive-bred Orchid Dottyback (Pseudochromis fridmani): pairing, courtship, demersal egg balls guarded by the male, and the
- Dwarf Seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae) Breeding GuideBreeding the dwarf seahorse (Hippocampus zosterae): male pouch pregnancy, courtship, ~10-day gestation, and rearing the independent, benthic
- Midas Blenny (Ecsenius midas) Breeding GuideBreeding the midas blenny (Ecsenius midas): demersal nesting in the genus Ecsenius and why raising the planktonic larvae at home is rarely s
- Bicolor Blenny (Ecsenius bicolor) Breeding GuideBreeding the bicolor blenny (Ecsenius bicolor): demersal nesting habits of the genus Ecsenius and why larval rearing remains very difficult
- Melanurus Wrasse Breeding GuideHalichoeres melanurus is a pelagic-spawning Western Pacific wrasse. It was first captive-bred at a research lab in 2015, but rearing its pla
- Carpenter's Flasher Wrasse Breeding GuideParacheilinus carpenteri is a Western Pacific flasher wrasse whose males perform colour-flashing courtship dashes. It is a pelagic broadcast
- Cleaner Wrasse Breeding GuideLabroides dimidiatus is a protogynous, harem-living broadcast spawner. Its pelagic larvae are not rearable in home aquaria, so captive breed
- Green Spotted Puffer (Tetraodon nigroviridis) Breeding GuideBreeding the green spotted puffer Tetraodon (Dichotomyctere) nigroviridis: brackish-only spawning, male egg- and fry-guarding, and why fry a
- Green Puffer (Tetraodon fluviatilis) Breeding GuideBreeding the brackish green puffer Tetraodon (Dichotomyctere) fluviatilis: flat-surface spawning, male egg-guarding and why home breeding is
- Atlantic Mudskipper (Periophthalmus barbarus) Breeding GuideMudskippers spawn in air-filled burrow chambers where the male guards the eggs; home breeding is rare due to the burrow biology.
- Orange Chromide (Pseudetroplus maculatus) Breeding GuideThe orange chromide is an accessible biparental substrate spawner whose free-swimming fry graze on their parents' protective body mucus.
- Spotted Scat (Scatophagus argus) Breeding GuideScats spawn in coastal marine waters with a pelagic larval phase and are not bred in home aquaria; aquaculture relies on induced spawning.
- Wide-bar Datnoid (Datnioides quadrifasciatus) Breeding GuideDatnioides quadrifasciatus is an invalid synonym of D. polota, a brackish partial spawner that is not bred in the aquarium.
- Crested Dwarf Puffer Breeding GuideCarinotetraodon lorteti is a dwarf puffer with strong sexual dimorphism; the male crest-displays, spawns among mosses and solely guards the
- Congo Puffer Breeding GuideTetraodon miurus is a predatory sand-burying Congo puffer with no documented captive breeding and no recorded spawning behavior.
- Channa asiatica Breeding GuideBreeding the cool-tolerant Channa asiatica: a biparental free spawner whose floating eggs hatch in 24-36 hours and whose tadpole-like fry mu
- Channa andrao Breeding GuideBreeding the dwarf Channa andrao: a paternal mouthbrooder bred regularly in captivity, with pair formation from a group and a high-temperatu