Aquarium Care Guides
2820 articles- Lionhead Goldfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the lionhead goldfish (Carassius auratus): sexing by tubercles, spring temperature trigger, adhesive scattered eggs, hatching a
- Black Moor Goldfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Black Moor goldfish (Carassius auratus var. Black Moor): spring spawning trigger, egg scattering on plants, ~4-day hatch an
- Ranchu Goldfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Ranchu goldfish (Carassius auratus var. Ranchu): spring spawning trigger, egg scattering on plants, ~4-day hatch and select
- Ryukin Goldfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Ryukin goldfish (Carassius auratus var. Ryukin): spring spawning trigger, egg scattering on plants, ~4-day hatch and select
- Oranda Goldfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Oranda goldfish (Carassius auratus var. Oranda): spring spawning trigger, egg scattering on plants, ~4-day hatch and select
- Yellow Watchman Goby Breeding GuideHow to breed the Yellow Watchman Goby (Cryptocentrus cinctus): pairing, cave spawning, male egg tending, 4-day hatch and rearing tiny larvae
- Maroon Clownfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Maroon Clownfish (Amphiprion biaculeatus): strong size dimorphism, substrate spawning, male egg tending, ~7 day hatch and r
- Tomato Clownfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Tomato Clownfish (Amphiprion frenatus): sex change hierarchy, substrate spawning near the host anemone, male egg tending an
- Pajama Cardinalfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Pajama Cardinalfish (Sphaeramia nematoptera), a paternal mouthbrooder, including spawning, egg incubation and rearing larva
- Rachov's Nothobranch Breeding GuideHow to breed Nothobranchius rachovii, an annual killifish: sexing, peat-substrate spawning, 5-7 month egg diapause in damp peat and wet-hatc
- Golden Wonder Killifish Breeding GuideHow to breed Aplocheilus lineatus, a non-annual surface plant-spawner: sexing, conditioning, mop or plant spawning, water egg incubation and
- Blue Lyretail Killifish Breeding GuideHow to breed Fundulopanchax sjoestedti, a substrate-spawner: sexing, conditioning, peat or mop spawning, water or 10-12 week dry peat incuba
- Clown Killifish Breeding GuideHow to breed Epiplatys annulatus, a tiny non-annual plant-spawner: sexing, breeding setup with mops or mosses, 9-12 day incubation and reari
- Gardneri Killifish Breeding GuideHow to breed Fundulopanchax gardneri, a non-annual plant-spawner: sexing, conditioning, mop or peat spawning, water or dry egg incubation an
- Wrestling Halfbeak Breeding GuideHow to breed Dermogenys pusilla, a surface livebearer: sexing by andropodium, conditioning, a 3-6 week gestation, brood size and rearing liv
- Silver Arowana Breeding GuideHow the silver arowana (Osteoglossum bicirrhosum) reproduces: paternal mouthbrooding for about six weeks, and why home breeding is effective
- Senegal Bichir Breeding GuideWhat is known about reproduction in the Senegal bichir (Polypterus senegalus): sexing by the anal fin, rainy-season spawning behaviour and t
- Rope Fish Breeding GuideWhat is known about reproduction in the rope fish (Erpetoichthys calabaricus): anal-fin egg transfer and larval development, and why it has
- Figure Eight Puffer Breeding GuideWhat is known about reproduction in the figure eight puffer (Dichotomyctere ocellatus): substrate spawning and male brood care, and why it i
- African Butterfly Fish Breeding GuideHow to breed the African butterfly fish (Pantodon buchholzi): sexing by anal fin, soft acidic surface spawning, floating eggs and the diffic
- Freshwater Stingray (Motoro) Breeding GuideHow advanced keepers breed the motoro stingray (Potamotrygon motoro): sexing by claspers, matrotrophic livebearing, 9-12 week gestation and
- Peacock Gudgeon Breeding GuideHow to breed the peacock gudgeon (Tateurndina ocellicauda): sexing the nuchal hump, cave spawning, male brood care, and raising the cave-lai
- Celebes Rainbowfish Breeding GuideHow to breed the Celebes rainbowfish (Marosatherina ladigesi): sexing, hard alkaline spawning water, mop or moss egg-laying, and rearing the
- Spotted Blue-Eye Breeding GuideHow to breed the spotted blue-eye (Pseudomugil gertrudae): sexing, mop or moss spawning, the ~10-day incubation, and the tiny first foods th
- Forktail Blue-Eye Breeding GuideHow to breed the forktail blue-eye (Pseudomugil furcatus): sexing, conditioning, mop or moss spawning, the 21-day incubation and raising the
- Red Rainbowfish (Glossolepis incisus) Breeding GuideBreeding Glossolepis incisus: select the fattest pair, daily thread-attached eggs on plants or mops over weeks, removing eggs to a rearing t
- Turquoise Rainbowfish (Melanotaenia lacustris) Breeding GuideBreeding Melanotaenia lacustris: a continuous egg scatterer that lays thread-attached eggs daily onto plants or mops over weeks, with simple
- Licorice Gourami (Parosphromenus deissneri) Breeding GuideBreeding Parosphromenus deissneri: a soft acidic blackwater cave spawner, male courtship colours, batch embraces with eggs on the cave ceili
- Kissing Gourami (Helostoma temminckii) Breeding GuideBreeding Helostoma temminckii: an open-water egg scatterer that builds no nest, spawns under floating vegetation, releases about 1000 buoyan
- Moonlight Gourami (Trichopodus microlepis) Breeding GuideBreeding Trichopodus microlepis: sexing by pelvic-fin colour, a warm densely planted spawning tank, the anabantoid embrace, up to 2000 eggs
- Thick-Lipped Gourami (Trichogaster labiosa) Breeding GuideBreeding Trichogaster labiosa: separate-sex conditioning, a shallow tightly covered spawning tank, the anabantoid embrace, 500-1000 eggs and
- Paradise Fish (Macropodus opercularis) Breeding GuideBreeding the paradise fish: bubble-nest building, soft warm water trigger, the osphronemid embrace, several hundred floating eggs, male nest
- Dwarf Chain Loach (Ambastaia sidthimunki) Breeding GuideBreeding Ambastaia sidthimunki: why it is hormone-farmed commercially, the rare documented home spawn in a large group tank, and how to sex
- Zebra Loach (Botia striata) Breeding GuideWhy Botia striata is not bred by home aquarists: commercial hormone induction, the only reliable sexing cue, and the risk of hybrids enterin
- Dojo Loach (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus) Breeding GuideBreeding the dojo / weather loach: sexing by the male pectoral lamina circularis, the encircling spawning embrace in vegetation, and why hom
- Upside-Down Catfish (Synodontis nigriventris) Breeding GuideHow to breed Synodontis nigriventris: sexing, conditioning, a rainy-season cold water-change trigger, cave or substrate spawning, and rearin
- Pictus Catfish Breeding Guide (Pimelodus pictus)Why the Pictus Catfish is not bred at home: Pimelodus pictus breeding is not thought to have been achieved in the hobby, an active spotted A
- Banjo Catfish Breeding Guide (Bunocephalus coracoideus)Breeding Bunocephalus coracoideus: rarely achieved but possible; a group spawns at night, scattering eggs on the substrate that adults will
- Zebra Pleco Breeding Guide (Hypancistrus zebra L046)Breeding Hypancistrus zebra (L046): a cave spawner in which the male lures a female into a cave, then guards and fans a clutch of 7 to 15 eg
- Royal Pleco Breeding Guide (Panaque nigrolineatus)Why the Royal Pleco is not bred at home: Panaque nigrolineatus has not yet been bred in captivity, a wood-digesting catfish from the Orinoco
- Common Pleco Breeding Guide (Hypostomus plecostomus)Why the Common Pleco is not bred at home: Hypostomus spawn in tunnels dug into mud banks and are produced commercially in ponds, not aquariu
- Jewel Cichlid Breeding Guide (Hemichromis bimaculatus)Breeding Hemichromis bimaculatus: a prolific biparental substrate spawner that lays up to 600 eggs on a flat surface and intensifies to bril
- Tropheus Duboisi Breeding Guide (Tropheus duboisi)Breeding Tropheus duboisi: a maternal mouthbrooder from Lake Tanganyika kept in large colonies, carrying small broods of 5 to 15 eggs for ov
- Frontosa Breeding Guide (Cyphotilapia frontosa)Breeding Cyphotilapia frontosa: a maternal mouthbrooder from Lake Tanganyika kept in harems, with small broods carried in the mouth for 35 t
- Peacock Cichlid Breeding Guide (Aulonocara)Breeding Aulonocara peacock cichlids: maternal mouthbrooders from Lake Malawi where the female carries eggs and fry in her mouth for about f
- Texas Cichlid Breeding Guide (Herichthys cyanoguttatus)Breeding Herichthys cyanoguttatus: a biparental substrate spawner that lays several hundred eggs in batches on cleaned rock and guards the f
- Blood Parrot Cichlid Breeding Guide (Hybrid)Why the Blood Parrot Cichlid rarely breeds true: a man-made hybrid whose males are generally infertile, so laid eggs usually turn white and
- Green Terror Breeding Guide (Andinoacara rivulatus)How to breed Andinoacara rivulatus: a biparental substrate spawner that cleans a flat rock, fertilises up to 400 eggs and guards free-swimmi
- Severum Breeding Guide (Heros severus)Breeding the Severum, a large Heros cichlid: a pair-forming substrate spawner that cleans a flat surface for its eggs and guards the brood w
- Keyhole Cichlid Breeding Guide (Cleithracara maronii)Breeding the Keyhole Cichlid (Cleithracara maronii): a substrate-spawning cichlid that forms pairs, lays up to 300 eggs on a flat surface an