Aquarium Care Guides
2820 articles- Thorichthys helleri Breeding GuideBreeding Thorichthys helleri, a biparental substrate spawner where the female tends eggs on flat stones and the male guards the nest.
- Thorichthys callolepis Breeding GuideBreeding Thorichthys callolepis, a biparental substrate-spawning firemouth relative from the Coatzacoalcos drainage with comparatively small
- Thorichthys pasionis Breeding GuideHow to breed Thorichthys pasionis: a biparental substrate-spawning Central American cichlid that deposits eggs in batches on a cleaned surfa
- Thorichthys aureus Breeding GuideHow to breed the Blue Flash cichlid (Thorichthys aureus), a firemouth relative that spawns biparentally on flat slate and moves larvae into
- Thorichthys ellioti Breeding GuideHow to breed Thorichthys ellioti, a firemouth relative that spawns biparentally on a cleaned flat stone and shepherds its larvae into substr
- Vieja bifasciata Breeding GuideHow to breed Vieja bifasciata, a Grijalva-Usumacinta cichlid that, like all studied Vieja, is a biparental substrate-spawner producing very
- Vieja synspila Breeding GuideHow to breed the Redhead cichlid (Vieja synspila), a large Mexican cichlid that spawns biparentally on a cleaned stone; now treated as a syn
- Vieja argentea Breeding GuideHow to breed the Silver cichlid (Vieja argentea), a Usumacinta-basin Mexican cichlid that spawns biparentally on a large stone or in a cave.
- Vieja fenestrata Breeding GuideHow to breed Vieja fenestrata, a Mexican cichlid endemic to the Papaloapan region that spawns biparentally on large stones or in caves.
- Vieja maculicauda Breeding GuideHow to breed the Black Belt cichlid (Vieja maculicauda), a wide-ranging Central American open substrate-spawner with extended biparental fry
- Vieja melanura Breeding GuideHow to breed Vieja melanura, a large Central American cichlid that spawns biparentally on a cleaned stone or in a cave and guards hundreds o
- Amphilophus zaliosus Breeding GuideHow to breed the Arrow cichlid (Amphilophus zaliosus), a slender, critically endangered Lake Apoyo crater endemic and biparental substrate-s
- Amphilophus amarillo Breeding GuideHow to breed the Amarillo cichlid (Amphilophus amarillo), a Lake Xiloa endemic that spawns biparentally over rocks and guards large clutches
- Amphilophus xiloaensis Breeding GuideHow to breed the Xiloa cichlid (Amphilophus xiloaensis), a Lake Xiloa crater-lake endemic that breeds as a biparental substrate-spawner amon
- Midas Cichlid Breeding GuideHow to breed the Midas cichlid (Amphilophus citrinellus), a large, aggressive Central American substrate-spawner with strong biparental care
- Red Devil Cichlid Breeding GuideBreeding the Red Devil cichlid (Amphilophus labiatus), a monogamous substrate spawner that lays 600-700 eggs in a brood pit with biparental
- Cichla ocellaris Breeding GuideBreeding biology of the butterfly peacock bass Cichla ocellaris, a large biparental substrate spawner impractical to breed at home.
- Cichla kelberi Breeding GuideBreeding biology of the Cichla kelberi peacock bass, a large biparental substrate spawner impractical to breed at home.
- Cichla piquiti Breeding GuideBreeding biology of the Cichla piquiti peacock bass, a large biparental substrate spawner impractical to breed at home.
- Cichla monoculus Breeding GuideBreeding biology of the peacock bass Cichla monoculus, a large biparental substrate spawner impractical to breed at home.
- Cichla temensis Breeding GuideBreeding biology of the speckled peacock bass Cichla temensis, a giant biparental substrate spawner impractical to breed at home.
- Cichla orinocensis Breeding GuideBreeding biology of the Orinoco peacock bass Cichla orinocensis, a large biparental substrate spawner impractical to breed at home.
- Hoplarchus psittacus Breeding GuideBreeding the true parrot cichlid Hoplarchus psittacus, a large blackwater substrate spawner seldom bred in captivity.
- Aequidens tetramerus Breeding GuideBreeding Aequidens tetramerus, a territorial acara that lays around a thousand eggs on stone or wood with biparental care.
- Aequidens metae Breeding GuideBreeding Aequidens metae, a Colombian acara that spawns 200-800 eggs on flat surfaces with three weeks of biparental fry care.
- Aequidens diadema Breeding GuideBreeding Aequidens diadema, a substrate-spawning acara that lays 200-300 eggs on flat stone and rears fry with both parents.
- Andinoacara latifrons Breeding GuideHow to breed Andinoacara latifrons, a Colombian acara that spawns on flat stones and shares biparental brood care.
- Blue-Dotted Acara (Andinoacara coeruleopunctatus) Breeding GuideBreeding Andinoacara coeruleopunctatus: an open substrate spawner from Panama and Costa Rica producing hundreds of eggs under biparental car
- Panda Uaru (Uaru fernandezyepezi) Breeding GuideBreeding Uaru fernandezyepezi, the rare Orinoco panda uaru: a substrate-spawning Uaru whose fry graze on the parental slime coat like discus
- Triangle Cichlid (Uaru amphiacanthoides) Breeding GuideBreeding Uaru amphiacanthoides: a substrate spawner whose fry graze on the parents' slime coat, much like discus.
- Orinoco Festivum (Mesonauta egregius) Breeding GuideBreeding Mesonauta egregius, an Orinoco festivum: a biparental substrate spawner that lays eggs on a cleaned flat surface.
- Acora Festivum (Mesonauta acora) Breeding GuideBreeding Mesonauta acora, a festivum of eastern Brazilian blackwater: a biparental substrate spawner that lays eggs on a cleaned flat surfac
- Wonderful Festivum (Mesonauta mirificus) Breeding GuideBreeding Mesonauta mirificus, a festivum of the western Amazon: a biparental substrate spawner that lays eggs on a cleaned flat surface.
- Spotted Severum (Heros notatus) Breeding GuideBreeding Heros notatus: a biparental substrate spawner from the Rio Negro and Essequibo that spawns on a flat stone or in an excavated pit.
- Red-Spotted Severum Breeding GuideBreeding Heros efasciatus: a biparental substrate spawner that lays eggs on a cleaned flat surface and guards eggs and fry together.
- Black Oscar (Astronotus crassipinnis) Breeding GuideBreeding Astronotus crassipinnis: a monomorphic biparental substrate spawner from the southern Amazon and Paraná-Paraguay basins.
- Leopold's Angelfish Breeding GuideBreeding Pterophyllum leopoldi, the smallest angelfish: substrate spawning on vertical surfaces and biparental care, with notes on its diffi
- Altum Angelfish Breeding GuideWhy Pterophyllum altum is rarely bred in captivity: extreme blackwater demands, wild-caught stock and general angelfish spawning behaviour.
- Green Discus Breeding GuideHow to breed Symphysodon discus: pairing, soft acidic water, substrate spawning, and the fry feeding on parental skin secretion.
- Blue Discus Breeding GuideHow to breed the blue/brown discus Symphysodon aequifasciatus, a biparental substrate-spawner whose fry feed on a skin secretion known as di
- Biotodoma wavrini Breeding GuideBreeding notes for the Orinoco eartheater Biotodoma wavrini, a presumed biparental substrate-spawner that may rarely have been bred in aquar
- Biotodoma cupido Breeding GuideHow to breed the greenstreak eartheater Biotodoma cupido, a biparental substrate-spawner whose fry are moved to a pit and guarded by both pa
- Gymnogeophagus rhabdotus Breeding GuideHow to breed the striped eartheater Gymnogeophagus rhabdotus, a biparental substrate-spawner reported as one of the easier members of the ge
- Gymnogeophagus labiatus Breeding GuideHow to breed the thick-lipped eartheater Gymnogeophagus labiatus, a maternal mouthbrooder of the Merín basin whose females carry the brood.
- Gymnogeophagus che Breeding GuideGenus-level breeding notes for the Argentine eartheater Gymnogeophagus che, for which species-specific spawning data is not documented in av
- Gymnogeophagus terrapurpura Breeding GuideBreeding notes for the Uruguayan eartheater Gymnogeophagus terrapurpura, which its scientific description identifies as a biparental open su
- Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys Breeding GuideBreeding notes for the wide-ranging eartheater Gymnogeophagus gymnogenys, a mouthbrooder whose males develop nuchal humps and breeding colou
- Gymnogeophagus balzanii Breeding GuideHow to breed the Paraguay eartheater Gymnogeophagus balzanii, a delayed maternal mouthbrooder whose dominant males develop a large nuchal hu
- Satanoperca mapiritensis Breeding GuideBreeding notes for the lower-Orinoco eartheater Satanoperca mapiritensis, whose aquarium reproduction is unconfirmed and clouded by taxonomi
- Satanoperca lilith Breeding GuideBreeding notes for the Amazonian eartheater Satanoperca lilith, whose reproduction is assumed to follow its close relative S. daemon as a bi