Aquarium Care Guides
2881 articles- Sinularia mollis: Fragging and PropagationPropagating the soft thin-stalked Sinularia mollis by cutting lobes and reattaching frags, with notes on its terpene chemistry, encrusting s
- Sinularia flexibilis: Fragging and PropagationPropagating the finger leather Sinularia flexibilis by cutting branch tips and reattaching frags, with notes on its terpene-driven allelopat
- Sinularia dura: Fragging and PropagationPropagating the cabbage leather coral Sinularia dura by cutting its flat lobes and reattaching frags, with notes on its slow growth, terpene
- Sarcophyton crassocaule: Fragging and PropagationPropagating the thick-stalked toadstool Sarcophyton crassocaule by fragging the capitulum and reattaching cuttings, with notes on shedding a
- Sarcophyton elegans: Fragging and PropagationHow the compact toadstool Sarcophyton elegans is propagated by cutting the round capitulum and reattaching frags, with notes on waxy sheddin
- Sarcophyton glaucum: Fragging and PropagationPropagating the yellow toadstool Sarcophyton glaucum by cutting the capitulum and reattaching frags, with notes on its diterpenoid chemistry
- Sarcophyton trocheliophorum: Fragging and PropagationPropagation of the frilly-capped toadstool Sarcophyton trocheliophorum by fragging the capitulum and reattaching cuttings, with notes on she
- Sarcophyton ehrenbergi: Fragging and PropagationHow toadstool leather corals of the genus Sarcophyton are propagated in the reef aquarium by cutting the capitulum margin and reattaching fr
- Greater Blue-Ringed Octopus (Hapalochlaena lunulata): Breeding Biology and Venom WarningHapalochlaena lunulata is a deadly tetrodotoxin-bearing octopus that is rarely bred. This guide documents its brooding biology, in which the
- California Two-Spot Octopus (Octopus bimaculoides): Breeding GuideOctopus bimaculoides is a large-egg, benthic-developing octopus that breeds in laboratory and hobby settings. This guide covers semelparous
- Pygmy Octopus (Octopus mercatoris): Breeding GuideOctopus mercatoris is a large-egg, benthic-developing dwarf octopus that has been captive-bred in the marine hobby. This guide covers the fe
- Bobbit Worm (Eunice aphroditois): Reproduction and Pest NotesEunice aphroditois is not a cultivated species but a feared live-rock hitchhiker. This guide outlines the limited published biology of its b
- Bispira brunnea Breeding GuideHow the social feather duster Bispira brunnea forms colonies and reproduces both sexually by broadcast spawning and asexually by architomy,
- Bispira variegata Breeding GuideHow the cluster duster Bispira variegata reproduces sexually by broadcast spawning and asexually by architomy; WoRMS treats variegata as a s
- Spirobranchus giganteus Breeding GuideHow the Christmas tree worm Spirobranchus giganteus reproduces by broadcast spawning with larvae that settle into living coral, and why it c
- Sabellastarte indica Breeding GuideHow the giant feather duster Sabellastarte indica reproduces sexually by broadcast spawning and asexually by fragmentation; WoRMS treats ind
- Sabellastarte magnifica Breeding GuideHow the magnificent feather duster Sabellastarte magnifica reproduces sexually by broadcast spawning and asexually by fragmentation, regener
- Sabellastarte spectabilis Breeding GuideHow the Hawaiian feather duster Sabellastarte spectabilis reproduces sexually by broadcast spawning with trochophore larvae and asexually by
- Holothuria impatiens Breeding GuideHow the burrowing sea cucumber Holothuria impatiens reproduces once a year by broadcast spawning into planktonic larvae, why it is not home-
- Pseudocolochirus (Sea Apple) Breeding GuideHow the filter-feeding sea apple Pseudocolochirus reproduces by broadcast spawning, why it is not home-bred, and the serious holothurin toxi
- Holothuria edulis Breeding GuideHow the pinkfish sea cucumber Holothuria edulis reproduces by broadcast spawning with planktonic larvae and by transverse fission, and why i
- Mespilia globulus Breeding GuideHow the tuxedo urchin Mespilia globulus reproduces as a gonochoric broadcast spawner, why its planktonic larvae are not raised in home tanks
- Echinometra mathaei Breeding GuideHow the rock-boring urchin Echinometra mathaei reproduces by releasing gametes into the water column, producing planktonic echinopluteus lar
- Tripneustes gratilla Breeding GuideHow the collector urchin Tripneustes gratilla reproduces by broadcast spawning into planktonic echinopluteus larvae, why it is not home-bred
- Diadema antillarum Breeding Guide: Caribbean Urchin & RestorationThe Caribbean long-spine urchin is a prolific broadcast spawner, key to reef health after its 1983 die-off. Not home-bred, but cultured for
- Diadema setosum Breeding Guide: Long-Spine Urchin SpawningThe long-spine sea urchin is a broadcast spawner with planktonic larvae; it is not bred in home aquaria. Handle its venomous spines with car
- Asterina Breeding Guide: Fission and the Pest QuestionAsterina stars reproduce asexually by fission, splitting and regenerating, and can proliferate rapidly in reef tanks; some species nibble co
- Protoreaster lincki Breeding Guide: Red Knob Sea StarThe red knob sea star is a large broadcast-spawning Protoreaster whose planktonic larval cycle is not reproduced in home aquaria.
- Protoreaster nodosus Breeding Guide: Chocolate Chip StarThe chocolate chip sea star is a large broadcast-spawning asteroid whose planktonic larval cycle is not reproduced in home aquaria.
- Fromia indica Breeding Guide: Indian Sea Star SpawningThe Indian sea star is a broadcast-spawning Fromia; its planktonic larval cycle is not reproduced in home aquaria.
- Fromia monilis Breeding Guide: Necklace Star SpawningThe necklace sea star is a broadcast-spawning asteroid; its planktonic larval development is not reproduced in home aquaria.
- Fromia milleporella Breeding Guide: Marble Star SpawningThe marble sea star is a broadcast-spawning asteroid whose planktonic larval cycle is not reproduced in home aquaria.
- Linckia guildingii Breeding Guide: Comet Star AutotomyThe common comet star sheds arms by autotomy; detached comets regenerate into new stars. Its broadcast spawning is not reproduced in home aq
- Linckia multifora Breeding Guide: Comet RegenerationLinckia multifora reproduces asexually by autotomy, shedding arms that grow into 'comets'. Its sexual broadcast spawning is not completed in
- Linckia laevigata Breeding Guide: Why It Is Not Home-BredThe blue Linckia sea star is a planktonic broadcast spawner that is not bred in home aquaria, though it may fragment via autotomy like its c
- Ricordea florida Breeding Guide: Asexual PropagationHow Ricordea florida, a Caribbean corallimorph, propagates in the reef aquarium: hobbyist fragging by fission and pedal laceration, plus its
- Ricordea yuma (Yuma Ricordea) Propagation & Fragging GuideHow to propagate the Pacific ricordea corallimorph Ricordea yuma: asexual growth into polyp colonies and mushroom fragging, with low-flow, m
- Rhodactis mussoides (Mussoides Mushroom) Propagation & Fragging GuideHow to propagate the Rhodactis mussoides hairy mushroom corallimorph: asexual reproduction including incomplete fission and fragging, with l
- Rhodactis (Hairy Mushroom) Propagation & Fragging GuideHow to propagate the hairy mushroom corallimorph Rhodactis: asexual reproduction and fragging by cutting and reattaching, with low-flow, mod
- Discosoma sanctithomae (St. Thomas Mushroom) Propagation & Fragging GuideHow to propagate the Caribbean mushroom corallimorph Discosoma sanctithomae: asexual reproduction and fragging by cutting and reattaching cu
- Discosoma neglecta (Common Mushroom) Propagation & Fragging GuideHow to propagate the mushroom corallimorph Discosoma neglecta: asexual fission and pedal laceration, deliberate fragging by cutting and reat
- Anemonia majano (Majano Anemone) Reproduction & Pest Control GuideHow the pest majano anemone Anemonia majano spreads by asexual fission and pedal laceration plus pelagic spawning, why it overruns reef tank
- Aiptasia pallida (Glass Anemone) Reproduction & Pest Control GuideHow the pest glass anemone Aiptasia pallida spreads explosively by pedal laceration and gonochoric spawning, why it harms reef tanks, and ho
- Cryptodendrum adhaesivum (Pizza Anemone) Breeding & Propagation GuideReproduction of the pizza anemone Cryptodendrum adhaesivum: pelagic sexual spawning unreachable at home and the rare asexual fission of sea
- Macrodactyla doreensis (Long Tentacle Anemone) Breeding & Propagation GuideReproduction of the long tentacle anemone Macrodactyla doreensis: pelagic sexual spawning unreachable at home and the occasional asexual fis
- Stichodactyla mertensii (Merten's Carpet Anemone) Breeding & Propagation GuideReproduction of Stichodactyla mertensii, the largest sea anemone: pelagic sexual spawning unreachable at home and the infrequent asexual fis
- Stichodactyla haddoni (Haddon's Carpet Anemone) Breeding & Propagation GuideReproduction of Stichodactyla haddoni: pelagic sexual spawning that cannot be done at home and the rare asexual fission of sea anemones. Wha
- Stichodactyla gigantea (Gigantic Carpet Anemone) Breeding & Propagation GuideHow Stichodactyla gigantea reproduces: pelagic sexual spawning that is not feasible at home, and the limited asexual fission seen in sea ane
- Beaded Anemone (Heteractis aurora) Breeding GuideHeteractis aurora is a sand-dwelling host anemone with bead-like tentacle swellings, hosting Clark's clownfish. Like other Heteractis it can
- Malu Anemone (Heteractis malu) Breeding GuideHeteractis malu is a sand-dwelling host anemone for Clark's clownfish. Like other Heteractis it can split by scissiparity, but its sexual re