Disease & Treatment
83 articles- Columnaris (Flavobacterium columnare) Treatment GuideColumnaris is caused by the Gram-negative filamentous bacterium Flavobacterium columnare, often misidentified as fungus. Mortality can be hi
- Saprolegnia (Water Mold) Treatment GuideSaprolegnia is an oomycete (water mold, not a true fungus) causing cottony tufts on injured fish and eggs; almost always secondary to stress
- Nocardiosis in Fish: Granulomatous Disease That Mimics Fish TBNocardia bacteria cause chronic nodular disease in the gills, skin, and internal organs of fish that can be mistaken for mycobacteriosis. Le
- Whirling Disease in Trout and Salmon: Myxobolus cerebralis ExplainedHow the myxozoan parasite Myxobolus cerebralis causes whirling disease in salmonids via a two-host life cycle with Tubifex worms, why there
- Koi Ulcer Disease (Aeromonas): Bacterial Ulcers in Pond FishUlcer disease in koi and goldfish is a bacterial infection — usually Aeromonas — that turns bloody skin spots into deep open ulcers, often a
- Vorticella on Shrimp: The 'Mold' That Isn't FungusVorticella is a stalked, bell-shaped protozoan that colonises shrimp as a white, fuzzy, mold-like growth — but it is not a fungus. Learn how
- Scutariella japonica: The 'Nose Worm' on Dwarf ShrimpScutariella japonica is a tiny white flatworm that lives on the head and gills of Neocaridina and Caridina shrimp. Learn how to recognise it
- Black Band Disease in CoralsBlack band disease is a dark, sulfide-rich microbial mat that creeps across a coral, killing tissue and leaving bare skeleton behind it. Lea
- Brown Jelly Disease in LPS CoralsBrown jelly disease is a fast-moving brown slime of ciliated protozoans and bacteria that can consume an LPS coral such as Euphyllia within
- Fish Mycobacteriosis (Fish Tuberculosis): A Zoonotic Aquarium DiseaseFish mycobacteriosis is a chronic, hard-to-cure bacterial disease of aquarium fish caused by Mycobacterium marinum and relatives — and it ca
- Neobenedenia and Benedenia: Marine Skin FlukesNeobenedenia and Benedenia are marine monogenean skin flukes that infect a wide range of marine fish, causing flashing, skin irritation and
- Uronema marinum (Marine Scuticociliatosis): A Fast-Killing ParasiteUronema marinum is an aggressive, tissue-invasive marine ciliate that causes skin ulcers, hemorrhage and rapid death in reef fish such as ch
- Epistylis (Heteropolaria): causes, symptoms and treatmentEpistylis (Heteropolaria) — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: moder
- Fin Damage / Fin Nipping: causes, symptoms and treatmentFin Damage / Fin Nipping — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Cloudy Eye: causes, symptoms and treatmentCloudy Eye — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Wounds / Lacerations: causes, symptoms and treatmentWounds / Lacerations — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Egg Binding: causes, symptoms and treatmentEgg Binding — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: moderate.
- Tumors / Lipomas: causes, symptoms and treatmentTumors / Lipomas — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Scoliosis / Spinal Deformity: causes, symptoms and treatmentScoliosis / Spinal Deformity — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: lo
- Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency: causes, symptoms and treatmentThiamine (Vitamin B1) Deficiency — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention
- Goiter (Iodine Deficiency): causes, symptoms and treatmentGoiter (Iodine Deficiency) — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Fatty Liver Disease: causes, symptoms and treatmentFatty Liver Disease — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Swim Bladder Disease: causes, symptoms and treatmentSwim Bladder Disease — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Constipation / Bloat: causes, symptoms and treatmentConstipation / Bloat — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: low.
- Hole-in-the-Head / Lateral Line Erosion: causes, symptoms and treatmentHole-in-the-Head / Lateral Line Erosion — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without inter
- Old Tank Syndrome: causes, symptoms and treatmentOld Tank Syndrome — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: moderate.
- Heavy Metal Poisoning: causes, symptoms and treatmentHeavy Metal Poisoning — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: very high
- Chlorine/Chloramine Poisoning: causes, symptoms and treatmentChlorine/Chloramine Poisoning — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: v
- Temperature Shock: causes, symptoms and treatmentTemperature Shock — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: moderate.
- pH Shock: causes, symptoms and treatmentpH Shock — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: high.
- Hypoxia (Oxygen Deprivation): causes, symptoms and treatmentHypoxia (Oxygen Deprivation) — causes, symptoms, diagnosis, intervention and prevention in aquarium fish; mortality without intervention: ve
- CO2 Toxicity: causes, symptoms and treatmentCO2 Toxicity (Excess CO2 lowering blood pH and displacing oxygen) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and
- Nitrate Stress (Old Tank Syndrome): causes, symptoms and treatmentNitrate Stress (Old Tank Syndrome) (Chronic NO3- accumulation >40-80 ppm) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, reco
- Nitrite Poisoning (Brown Blood Disease): causes, symptoms and treatmentNitrite Poisoning (Brown Blood Disease) (NO2- accumulation oxidizing hemoglobin to methemoglobin) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-su
- Egg Fungus (Egg Saprolegnia): causes, symptoms and treatmentEgg Fungus (Egg Saprolegnia) (Saprolegnia / Achlya colonizing dead eggs) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recov
- Ichthyophonosis: causes, symptoms and treatmentIchthyophonosis (Ichthyophonus hoferi) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mortality with
- Gill Rot (Branchiomycosis): causes, symptoms and treatmentGill Rot (Branchiomycosis) (Branchiomyces sanguinis / B. demigrans) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery a
- Achlya Infection: causes, symptoms and treatmentAchlya Infection (Achlya spp.) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mortality without trea
- Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia: causes, symptoms and treatmentViral Hemorrhagic Septicemia (VHS virus (Novirhabdovirus, Rhabdoviridae)) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, reco
- Spring Viremia of Carp: causes, symptoms and treatmentSpring Viremia of Carp (Carp sprivivirus (Rhabdoviridae)) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevent
- Bacterial Gill Disease: causes, symptoms and treatmentBacterial Gill Disease (Flavobacterium branchiophilum and mixed flora) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recover
- Plesiomonas Septicemia: causes, symptoms and treatmentPlesiomonas Septicemia (Plesiomonas shigelloides) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mor
- Marine Flexibacter (Tenacibaculosis): causes, symptoms and treatmentMarine Flexibacter (Tenacibaculosis) (Tenacibaculum maritimum) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and pr
- Pasteurellosis (Photobacteriosis): causes, symptoms and treatmentPasteurellosis (Photobacteriosis) (Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, r
- Streptococcosis: causes, symptoms and treatmentStreptococcosis (Streptococcus iniae / S. agalactiae) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention;
- Enteric Redmouth Disease: causes, symptoms and treatmentEnteric Redmouth Disease (Yersinia ruckeri) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mortality
- Edwardsiellosis: causes, symptoms and treatmentEdwardsiellosis (Edwardsiella tarda / E. ictaluri) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mo
- Cold Water Disease: causes, symptoms and treatmentCold Water Disease (Flavobacterium psychrophilum) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mor
- Pseudomonas Septicemia: causes, symptoms and treatmentPseudomonas Septicemia (Pseudomonas fluorescens) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mort
- Furunculosis: causes, symptoms and treatmentFurunculosis (Aeromonas salmonicida) — etiology, symptoms, diagnosis, active-substance medication, recovery and prevention; mortality withou