Pulchra Apisto (Apistogramma pulchra) Care Guide
Apistogramma pulchra is a small carnivorous dwarf cichlid from the Madeira River basin in Brazil, described by Kullander in 1980.
Overview
Apistogramma pulchra is a small freshwater dwarf cichlid described by Kullander in 1980. According to FishBase, it inhabits the Madeira River basin within the Amazon drainage of Brazil. It is a benthopelagic species of tropical lowland waters and reaches only a few centimetres in length, with males more colourful than females.
Taxonomy
- Family: Cichlidae
- Genus: Apistogramma
- Scientific name: Apistogramma pulchra
- Described by: Kullander, 1980
Habitat
FishBase records this species from the Madeira River basin, part of the Amazon system in Brazil. Apistogramma as a genus is found in lowland South America east of the Andes and typically occupies sheltered, shallow margins of streams, rivers and lakes where leaf litter collects and water movement is low.
Tank requirements
- Minimum tank volume: 80 L
- Temperature: 25-29 °C (77-84 °F)
- pH: 4.5-6.5
- GH: 1-4 °dGH
- Lifespan: 3-5 years
A soft sandy substrate with wood, roots and dried leaf litter forming shaded retreats and caves suits Apistogramma. Wild populations of the genus often require very soft, acidic water, and reported pH values for breeding can fall well below 6.
Diet
FishBase assigns a trophic level of around 3.2, consistent with a carnivorous diet. Members of the genus feed mainly on benthic invertebrates such as aquatic insect larvae in nature. In the aquarium they accept small live and frozen foods including Artemia and Daphnia.
Compatibility
This is a bottom-dwelling, territorial dwarf cichlid. Suitable companions are small, peaceful mid- and upper-water species such as tetras. Multiple Apistogramma males and larger or aggressive cichlids should be avoided in confined quarters.
Breeding
Apistogramma pulchra is a cave spawner. FishBase notes that eggs are deposited on cave ceilings and tended by the female, with breeding males developing extended fin filaments and stronger coloration. Females provide most of the brood care while the male defends the territory.
Conservation status
IUCN Red List: Least Concern (assessed 2020), per the FishBase summary.